Data on median housing values from 506 census tracts in the suburbs of Boston
from the 1970 census. This data frame is a corrected version of the original
data by Harrison and Rubinfeld (1978) with additional spatial information.
The data were taken directly from BostonHousing2 and
unneeded columns (i.e., name of town, census tract, and the uncorrected
median home value) were removed.
data(boston)
A data frame with 506 rows and 16 variables.
lon Longitude of census tract.
lat Latitude of census tract.
cmedv Corrected median value of owner-occupied homes in USD 1000's
crim Per capita crime rate by town.
zn Proportion of residential land zoned for lots over 25,000 sq.ft.
indus Proportion of non-retail business acres per town.
chas Charles River dummy variable (= 1 if tract bounds river; 0 otherwise).
nox Nitric oxides concentration (parts per 10 million).
rm Average number of rooms per dwelling.
age Proportion of owner-occupied units built prior to 1940.
dis Weighted distances to five Boston employment centers.
rad Index of accessibility to radial highways.
tax Full-value property-tax rate per USD 10,000.
ptratio Pupil-teacher ratio by town.
b $1000(B - 0.63)^2$ where B is the proportion of blacks by town.
lstat Percentage of lower status of the population.
Harrison, D. and Rubinfeld, D.L. (1978). Hedonic prices and the demand for clean air. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 5, 81-102.
Gilley, O.W., and R. Kelley Pace (1996). On the Harrison and Rubinfeld Data. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 31, 403-405.
Newman, D.J. & Hettich, S. & Blake, C.L. & Merz, C.J. (1998). UCI Repository of machine learning databases [http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mlearn/MLRepository.html] Irvine, CA: University of California, Department of Information and Computer Science.
Pace, R. Kelley, and O.W. Gilley (1997). Using the Spatial Configuration of the Data to Improve Estimation. Journal of the Real Estate Finance and Economics, 14, 333-340.
Friedrich Leisch & Evgenia Dimitriadou (2010). mlbench: Machine Learning Benchmark Problems. R package version 2.1-1.
head(boston)#> lon lat cmedv crim zn indus chas nox rm age dis rad tax #> 1 -70.9550 42.2550 24.0 0.00632 18 2.31 0 0.538 6.575 65.2 4.0900 1 296 #> 2 -70.9500 42.2875 21.6 0.02731 0 7.07 0 0.469 6.421 78.9 4.9671 2 242 #> 3 -70.9360 42.2830 34.7 0.02729 0 7.07 0 0.469 7.185 61.1 4.9671 2 242 #> 4 -70.9280 42.2930 33.4 0.03237 0 2.18 0 0.458 6.998 45.8 6.0622 3 222 #> 5 -70.9220 42.2980 36.2 0.06905 0 2.18 0 0.458 7.147 54.2 6.0622 3 222 #> 6 -70.9165 42.3040 28.7 0.02985 0 2.18 0 0.458 6.430 58.7 6.0622 3 222 #> ptratio b lstat #> 1 15.3 396.90 4.98 #> 2 17.8 396.90 9.14 #> 3 17.8 392.83 4.03 #> 4 18.7 394.63 2.94 #> 5 18.7 396.90 5.33 #> 6 18.7 394.12 5.21